What does the principle of non-maleficence focus on in medical practice?

The principle of non-maleficence is a foundational concept in medical ethics that emphasizes the obligation of healthcare providers to avoid causing harm to patients. This principle is centered on the idea that medical practitioners must ensure that their actions do not lead to unnecessary suffering or injury, whether physical, emotional, or psychological.

In practice, this means that healthcare professionals must carefully consider the risks versus benefits of any treatment or intervention. They strive to act in a way that protects the well-being of the patient, ensuring that their care does not result in adverse outcomes. Non-maleficence serves as a guiding principle, influencing clinical decisions and shaping policies that prioritize patient safety and welfare.

Other options, while important in the broader context of medical ethics, do not directly align with the principle of non-maleficence. For example, promoting patient benefits is more aligned with the principle of beneficence, while encouraging patient participation focuses on patient autonomy and involvement in their care. Maximizing profits, on the other hand, contradicts the ethical commitment to patient care and safety, as it could lead to prioritizing financial gain over patient health.